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U.S. uses drones in bid to deter piracy
Military surveillance aircraft have capacity to carry missiles
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Published: October 24, 2009
NAIROBI, Kenya
For the first time, sophisticated U.S. military surveillance drones capable of carrying missiles have begun patrolling waters off Somalia in hopes of stemming rising piracy.
Three ships have been seized in a week off Africa's lawless eastern coast, and Vice Adm. Robert Moeller, the deputy commander for the U.S. Africa Command, said that pirates continue to pose a significant challenge.
With the monsoon season now ended, there have been a rash of attacks as pirates return to the open seas. Currently being held are more than 130 crew members from seven ships, including about 70 from the latest attacks.
In an effort to stem the surge, unmanned U.S. military surveillance planes called MQ-9 Reapers stationed on the island nation of Seychelles are being deployed to patrol the Indian Ocean in search of pirates, Moeller told The Associated Press in an interview at command headquarters in Stuttgart, Germany. The patrols began this week, military officials said.
The 36-foot-long Reapers are the size of a jet fighter, can fly about 16 hours, and are capable of carrying a dozen guided bombs and missiles.
They are outfitted with infrared, laser and radar targeting.
Military officials said yesterday that the drones would not immediately be fitted with weaponry, but they did not rule out doing so in the future.
Analysts said they expected that the Reapers would also be used to hunt al-Qaida and other Islamist militants in Somalia. Though Moeller said that the aircraft would "primarily" be used against pirates, he acknowledged that they could also be used for other missions.
Even the drones and the presence of an international naval armada are unlikely to deter pirates, Moeller said.
Pirates are "prepared to take their chances against the warships that are patrolling the area, simply because the potential for big financial gain is significant," he said.
Cyrus Mody, an expert on piracy at the London branch of the International Maritime Bureau, said he expects that the drones will help ward off attacks by acting as an early-warning system for tankers and other commercial vessels traversing waters off the Somali coast.
"What we hope will happen is that they will get much earlier warning of suspicious vessels or suspected (pirate) mother ships that can then be targeted by the naval vessels. Or alerts and broadcasts can be sent out indicating the positions of these ships (and) indicating they should keep as clear a distance as possible," Mody said.
U.S. Navy vessels have used 3-foot-long drones off the East Africa coast before. But the Reapers -- which have a 66-foot wingspan -- represent a significant investment by the U.S. military to gather intelligence in the region.
Last spring, U.S. Navy sharpshooters killed three of the four pirates who were holding Richard Phillips, the captain of the U.S.-flagged cargo ship the Maersk Alabama, hostage in a lifeboat.
The drone deployment comes as piracy is on the rise in the area. The bandits targeted 35 vessels in 2007 and 111 in 2008, but they have launched about 178 attacks so far in 2009, according to figures from the International Maritime Bureau.
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